Charlie is 10 years old and has Down’s syndrome. He has significant difficulty remembering visual information and instructions. He is unable to navigate a route unless it is the one route he is familiar with. Charlie needs guidance when outdoors most of the time because he can only walk the one route he knows.

The case manager determines that Charlie is entitled to the lower rate of the mobility component of CDP. This is because Charlie requires more guidance than is normal for someone his age without a disability.

Seonaid is 14 years old. She has recently recovered from a case of bacterial meningitis which has had an impact on both her memory and her ability to walk unaided.

Seonaid needs someone to guide her when moving around outdoors because her memory issues make it difficult for her to remember directions. She also has difficulty concentrating. She can get distracted easily or forget where she was going because of this. Finally, Seonaid has issues with coordination, movement and balance. This means she requires someone to steady her if she stumbles or falls.

The case manager determines that Seonaid is entitled to the lower rate of the mobility component of CDP. This is because Seonaid requires guidance to movie around outdoors safely. The support that Seonaid requires to move around outdoors is substantially more than what is normally required for someone of Seonaid’s age.

Rosie is 12 years old and has a learning disability. She is able to move around outdoors but needs guidance from another person. This is because she can easily get lost in unfamiliar surroundings and be unable to find her way back. Rosie is also unable to ask for directions because she does not communicate verbally.

The case manager determines that Rosie is entitled to the lower rate of the mobility component of CDP. This is because she is unable to move around outdoors without guidance most of the time. Children who are younger than Rosie may require this type of guidance, but children who are the same age as Rosie would not normally require this.

Mana is 14 years old and has dyspraxia and dyslexia. Dyspraxia is a neurological condition which impacts an individual’s ability to plan or carry out motor tasks. Dyslexia is a learning disability that involves difficulty reading due to problems identifying speech sounds and learning how they relate to letters and words.

Mana is able to move around outdoors but is often disorganised and forgets to pack items like her phone or schoolbooks. She also sometimes misses the school bus because she has difficulty keeping track of time. She often needs prompting and reminding about events. Mana is able to meet friends in town but can have difficulty travelling home. She sometimes takes the wrong bus and has to return to her starting point to find the correct one. Mana is able to ask for directions and read timetables when this happens. However, this takes her a lot longer to do so than is normal for someone of her age without a disability.

The case manager determines that Mana is not entitled to the lower rate of the mobility component of CDP. This is because Mana can move around outdoors without guidance most of the time. She also does not need more guidance than is normal for someone of her age.

Isabella is 9 years old and was diagnosed with epilepsy as a very young child. Despite regular treatment and medication, her condition is largely uncontrolled.

This leads to frequent and unpredictable seizures. The seizures always require intervention from another person. Isabella must be accompanied by an adult who knows how to assist her if she has a seizure when she is outdoors.

The case manager determines that Isabella is entitled to the lower rate of the mobility component of CDP. This is because she is unable to move around outdoors without supervision. The level of supervision Isabella requires is greater than what is normally required for children the same age without a disability. It is similar to what may be needed for children who are younger than Isabella without a disability.

Cailean is 6 years old and has asthma. His asthma is manageable with an inhaler most of the time. Cailean can experience exacerbations which make his asthma worse both indoors and outdoors. This is more frequent in winter. He can become breathless and need his inhaler when this happens. However, Cailean’s asthma is not a problem for him most of the time when he is outdoors.

Cailean is always with a parent when he goes outdoors. They must keep him safe because he is not always aware of traffic or other dangers. This level of supervision is normal for someone of his age.

The case manager determines that Cailean is not entitled to the lower rate of the mobility component of CDP. This is because the level of supervision he requires is normal for someone his age. This means Cailean does not satisfy the need for supervision.

Zeek is 10 years old and has attention deficit hyperactive disorder. His behaviour is very impulsive and he has very limited awareness of danger. Zeek is likely to run towards something that interests him whether it is safe to do so or not. For example, Zeek understands that he needs to use the lights at pedestrian crossings. However, he often becomes impatient and does not wait until it is safe to cross.

The case manager determines that Zeek is entitled to the lower rate of the mobility component of CDP. This is because Zeek needs to be supervised when moving around outdoors so he does not put himself in danger. The level of supervision that Zeek requires to move around outdoors is substantially more than what a 10 year old would normally require.

Percy is 11 years old and has autism. He can become very distressed if there is a sudden change. This could involve needing to take a different route to a familiar place or a change in routine.

An example of this is roadworks requiring Percy and his mother to take a different route when walking to school. This can lead to extreme outbursts. Percy needs another person with him to keep him calm or redirect his focus so he can keep walking.

The case manager determines that Percy is entitled to the lower rate of the mobility component of CDP. This is because Percy’s need for supervision is greater than what is considered normal for an 11 year old without a disability.